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4.27 ¹Î+ ÆòÈ ¼ÕÀâ±â ¹ÌÁÖ À§¿øȸ
<An open letter to the members of Congress>We urge you to support the South Korean ¡®Anti-Leafleting Law¡¯ to protect lives and to preserve peace in the region.
The armistice line between South and North Korea is the last remnant of the Cold War. It is a 70-year-old memoir of the 6 million innocent people who died in the Korean War. Twenty thousand armed young men from the United States and more than a Million from South and North Korea are still standing at the border with tension on their triggers. In front of the entire world, [July 4th South-North Joint Communique] in 1972, [South-North Basic Agreement] in 1992, and [Panmunjom Declaration] in 2018 - all promised to stop slandering and leafleting between two nations in order to prevent the deadly war which can be easily triggered by even the smallest mishap.
However, despite all the above agreements and affable restraint requests from the government, a number of North Korean defector organizations have continued the unauthorized usage of leaflets. This led to numerous military conflicts between the two Koreas while compromising the safety of 2.5 million people in the border region. In order to prevent these types of mishaps, and to fortify the peace in the Korean Peninsula, the Korean National Assembly has passed the [the Anti-leafleting Law] on December 14th 2020, with the support of the majority of Koreans including people in the border region.
When it comes to the Freedom of Speech,the U.S. Supreme Court has provided the following decisions:
¡°The question in every case is whether the words used are used in such circumstances and are of such a nature as to create a clear and present danger that they will bring about the substantive evils that Congress has a right to prevent.¡± - Schenck v. the United States 249 U.S. 47 (1919)
¡°That a State, in the exercise of its police power, may punish those who abuse this freedom by utterances inimical to the public welfare, tending to corrupt public morals, incite to crime or disturb the public peace, is not open to question.¡± -Gitlow v. People of New York 268 U.S. 667. (1925)
¡°The United States constitutionally may punish speech that produces or is intended to produce a clear and imminent danger that it will bring about forthwith certain substantive evils¡± -Dennis et al. v. the United States. 341 U.S. 494 (1951)
Nevertheless, without the proper understanding of current situations in the Korean Peninsula, some members of Congress, including New Jersey Congressman Chris Smith, have issued statements condemning the passage of South Korean Anti-Leafleting Law alleging inappropriately that it infringes freedom of expression. Furthermore, the bipartisan caucus of Tom Lantos Human Rights Commission has announced that it would hold a hearing to review the newly enacted South Korean Law for peace and security to prevent clear and imminent danger by unauthorized leafleting. We, the citizens of the United States, who collectively yearn for peace in the Korean Peninsula hereby express our deep concerns and clearly oppose this controversial action by some members of Congress. Sending Leaflets to North Korea over the borders is a clearly ill-intended act that compromises the safety of 2.5 million people near the border while justifying the usage of force by the North Korean Military. Understanding the structure of North Korea, it is simple logic that sending leaflets to North Korea will not bring positive change upon North Korean human rights situations but rather negative and retrogressive change.Therefore, it is only righteous to correct the misunderstanding of South Korean Anti-leafleting Law. First and foremost, this is not a law that infringes the freedom of speech. According to Article 19 of the [International Convention on Civil and Political Rights], the exercise of the freedom of expression can be restricted by law where there is a need to respect other rights or to maintain national security or protect public order. Because the leaflets have criticized leaders of North Korea obscenely, the North Korean military has shot anti-aircraft artillery in the border regions in 2014, resulting in military conflict between the North and the South. The safety of people in the region was greatly compromised. Sending Leaflets to North Korea, therefore, has created imminent danger, and it has been considered as an act of ill-intended provocation that does not represent freedom of speech in a rightful manner.
Second, there is no clear evidence that sending leaflets over the North Korean borders promotes human rights in North Korea. On the contrary, it only strengthens the control of North Korean society and endangers the relatives of defectors who were left behind while further compromising the human rights of the people of North Korea as a whole. The majority of the North Korean defectors have said that obscenely designed leaflets do not improve the North Korean people¡¯s ¡°right to know.¡± Rather, it endangers their lives for just possessing it. Recently, there was a horrendous incident: The North Korean defectors smeared COVID-19 virus on some of the articles and sent inside the balloons over the border. As a result, the North Korean government became violently upset over this. We, the citizens of the United States, believe that having more dialogue between the two Koreas and expanding of North Koreans¡¯ contact with the international community is a much more efficient method of increasing human rights in North Korea.
Third, Anti-Leafleting Law minimally prohibits only certain types of expression; those that cause imminent danger and conflict. Although passed only recently, the Anti-Leafleting law is not a law that was made in haste, but was thought over since 2008 with 14 different types of other laws preventing the action against the peace in the two Koreas.
We want every single act of conflict that may causes a clear and imminent danger to be thoroughly scrutinized. It is our fear that amid the COVID-19 crisis, any action that does not positively affect two nations will create greater chaos in the future. Furthermore, with the hope that the declaration of the end of the Korean War and the signing of a formal peace agreement between the two Koreas and the United States of America, we urge the following:
1. Rather than opposing South Korean Anti-Leafleting Law, the members of Congress and other government agencies should actively support it with other peace processes in the Korean Peninsula. Please stop the action promoting conflicts in the Korean Peninsula. Freedom of speech can be enjoyed when it does not compromise the safety of others. Truly support the peace process in the Korean Peninsula and create a dialogue with the North Korean government.
2. The U.S. Legislators and other government agencies should support human rights action in a peaceful manner. Traveling rights between North and South Korea, re-connection of separated families between two Koreas, and humanitarian relief must be realized.
3. The members of Congress and other government agencies should support the resolution calling for a formal end of the Korean war and a formal peace agreement between the two Koreas and the United States of America. Only then can the nuclear crisis end, bringing the world one step closer to peace.
Respectfully,
Committee for 4.27 People¡¯s Peace Chain for Peace on the Korean Peninsula